A monthly, deep dive, and rigorous piece identifying:
Extraordinary Value Spreads, Mispriced Quality, and Behavioral Errors

In our prior piece analyzing the entire cohort of companies that are net repurchasers of their own company’s stock, we highlighted how the group’s aggregate valuations had hit record highs. We also highlighted that the funding required to facilitate buying back stock at the highest multiples on record, were being funded by debt.

We have presented to a large number of Financial Advisors and institutions of many stripes. The questions around AI are many. They range from “what inning are we in?” to “how can you think this is a bubble when the big tech stocks today are so much healthier than in the dot.com bubble?”

As early as 2014, the financial news media became obsessed with the idea that stock buybacks were being funded by debt and that a reprise of the Great Financial Crisis was looming. By 2016, politicians got involved with many in our political class claiming that stock buybacks were hurting the US economy by reducing capital expenditures and R&D.

“Late Capitalism” [has] two paradigms [that] combine to swamp the efficient, free-market allocation of capital: 1. Crony capitalism and corruption…choke[s] out the rule of law and reduce the extent to which markets are “free.” 2. The transformation of markets from capital-allocation machines to casinos in which finance becomes just another form of gambling. Reasonable people can argue how far down the path we are… but I do not believe anyone would claim that we weren’t on the road.

Through its core hardware and software technologies of switching, routing, and wireless, Cisco Systems, Inc. (CSCO) is the clear leader in global computer networking. CSCO’s capabilities have made -- and continue to make -- the company a central player in shaping the operations of the modern internet, including the growing internet of things (IoT) landscape.

Some of our recent work has highlighted growing economic risks, especially in tech and crypto, with signs of a looming profits recession. The pieces document the remarkable grift from vendor finance, preliminary appearances of consumer weakness, inflated valuations, and debt-driven demand.

“As soon as you allow politicians to determine that which is bought and sold, the first thing bought and sold will always be politicians.” -P.J. O’Rourke, Parliament of Whores: A Lone Humorist Attempts to Explain the Entire U.S. Government, 1991

What’s causing the current malaise in healthcare stocks? Returns have been lagging and valuation multiples are lower than the vast majority of stocks in the S&P 500. We doubt everyone has become so much healthier that we no longer need medicines and hospitals. Is this as simple as “Healthcare isn’t Tech”? We don’t think so.

The research published in this newsletter is organized and authored by a group of fund managers and researchers who have over 90 years of combined experience and have worked together for over 14 years. As long-time readers know, our sister company, L2 Asset Management, runs a collection of long-only as well as long/short products.

Pediatrix Medical Group, Inc. (MD) operates a nationwide network of more than 2,300 affiliated physicians who provide neonatal, maternal-fetal, and pediatric specialty care. As of December 31, 2024, 1,335 of MD’s neonatal physician specialists provided clinical care, primarily within hospital-based neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), to babies born prematurely or with complications.

Our last white paper on tech, The Troubles of 2025 are on Full Display, demonstrated that: • Technology’s share of total market cap has eclipsed the prior peak in the dot com bubble • Technology’s bloated market cap has come, in no small part, from multiple expansion

Watching the mega-cap bubble reflate in 2024, the research in this newsletter peppered readers with warnings about the law of large numbers, soaring capital intensity, dubious accounting and vendor financing activities.